852 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
852 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
# Firefly Import Preprocessor
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**Version:** 1.0.0
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**Date:** 03 May 2026
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**Status:** Production Ready
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🌐 [Deutsch](README.de.md)
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---
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## Table of Contents
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1. [Overview](#overview)
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2. [Installation & Setup](#installation--setup)
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3. [Quick Start](#quick-start)
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4. [Configuration](#configuration)
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5. [Transformation Types](#transformation-types)
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6. [CLI Reference](#cli-reference)
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7. [Debug Mode](#debug-mode)
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8. [Firefly III Integration](#firefly-iii-integration)
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9. [Architecture](#architecture)
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10. [Error Handling](#error-handling)
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---
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## Overview
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The **Firefly Import Preprocessor** is a production-ready PHP preprocessor for bank CSV export files. It transforms bank data into a standardised format and can optionally import it into Firefly III.
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### Core Features
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✅ **Full CSV transformation** with complex pipelines
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✅ **Metadata extraction** via regex (IBAN, currency, account name)
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✅ **13 transformation types** for flexible data processing
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✅ **Firefly III integration** — CLI, Docker, and HTTP upload
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✅ **Debug mode** for full processing transparency
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✅ **Production ready** with complete error handling
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✅ **Zero dependencies** for core functionality
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### Workflow
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```text
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Input CSV
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↓
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Extract metadata (regex)
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↓
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Transform data rows (pipeline)
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↓
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Write output CSV
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↓
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[Optional] Import into Firefly III
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```
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---
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## Installation & Setup
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### Requirements
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- PHP 8.1+
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- Composer (recommended)
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- [Optional] Docker for Firefly III integration
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### Installation
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```bash
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# 1. Clone / copy the repository
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cd ff-imp-preprocessor
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# 2. Install dependencies (optional, dev tools only)
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composer install
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# 3. Create configuration
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cp config/config.example.json config/config.json
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# Edit config/config.json with your settings
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# 4. Create directories
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mkdir -p config/import/{source,output,archive,error}
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chmod 755 config/import/{source,output,archive,error}
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# 5. Run a test
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php bin/transformer.php validate config/config.json input.csv
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```
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---
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## Quick Start
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### 1. Adjust configuration
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Edit `config/config.json` and make sure the extraction rules match your CSV format:
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```json
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{
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"metadata": {
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"extractionRules": [
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{
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"name": "account_iban",
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"lineNumber": 2,
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"regex": "IBAN:\\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)",
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"captureGroup": 1
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}
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]
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},
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"csvStructure": {
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"headerLine": 5,
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"delimiter": ";",
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"encoding": "UTF-8"
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}
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}
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```
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### 2. Validate CSV
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```bash
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php bin/transformer.php validate config/config.json input.csv
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```
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### 3. Run transformation
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```bash
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php bin/transformer.php transform input.csv config/config.json
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# With debug mode for troubleshooting
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php bin/transformer.php transform input.csv config/config.json --debug
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```
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### 4. Inspect output
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```bash
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php bin/transformer.php test input.csv config/config.json --debug
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# Shows up to 10 transformed rows and debug logs
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```
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---
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## Configuration
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### config.json structure
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#### `metadata` — Metadata extraction
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```json
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{
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"metadata": {
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"extractionRules": [
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{
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"name": "account_iban",
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"lineNumber": 2,
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"regex": "IBAN:\\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)",
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"captureGroup": 1
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},
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{
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"name": "currency_code",
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"lineNumber": 3,
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"regex": "Currency:\\s*([A-Z]{3})",
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"captureGroup": 1
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Description |
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| ------ | ----- | ----------- |
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| `name` | string | Name of the metadata variable (used in `constantvalue`) |
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| `lineNumber` | int | Line number in CSV (1-based, human-readable) |
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| `regex` | string | Regex pattern for extraction (without delimiters) |
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| `captureGroup` | int | Capture group index (0 = full match, 1 = first group, etc.) |
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**Regex example:**
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- Pattern: `IBAN:\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)`
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- Input: `IBAN: CH93 0077 2020 6262 5252 7`
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- Capture group 1: `CH93 0077 2020 6262 5252 7`
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#### `csvStructure` — CSV format
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```json
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{
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"csvStructure": {
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"headerLine": 5,
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"delimiter": ";",
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"encoding": "UTF-8",
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"hasBom": false
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}
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Default | Description |
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| ------ | ----- | ------- | ----------- |
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| `headerLine` | int | 5 | Line number of the header row (1-based) |
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| `delimiter` | string | `;` | CSV delimiter |
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| `encoding` | string | `UTF-8` | Character encoding (UTF-8, ISO-8859-1, CP1252) |
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| `hasBom` | bool | false | Whether the file has a BOM (Byte Order Mark) |
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#### `columnTransformations` — Column transformations
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```json
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{
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"columnTransformations": [
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{
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"sourceColumn": "BookingDate",
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"transformations": [
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{
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"type": "dateformat",
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"fromFormat": "d.m.Y",
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"toFormat": "Y-m-d"
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}
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],
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"outputColumn": "date",
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"outputAction": "overwrite"
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}
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]
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}
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```
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**outputAction:**
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- `overwrite` — overwrite the source column
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- `create` — create a new column (for regex extract, split, etc.)
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#### `directories` — File system
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```json
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{
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"directories": {
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"source": "/opt/ff-imp-preprocessor/import/source",
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"output": "/opt/ff-imp-preprocessor/import/output",
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"archive": "/opt/ff-imp-preprocessor/import/archive",
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"error": "/opt/ff-imp-preprocessor/import/error"
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}
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}
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```
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| Field | Description |
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| ------ | ----------- |
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| `source` | Input directory |
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| `output` | Output directory |
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| `archive` | Archive for processed files |
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| `error` | Error directory for invalid files |
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#### `fireflyImport` — Firefly III integration
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The operating mode is controlled by the `mode` field. Possible values: `cli`, `docker`, `http`.
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Full details and examples: [Firefly III Integration](#firefly-iii-integration).
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```json
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{
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"fireflyImport": {
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"mode": "docker",
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"jsonConfig": "/import/configs/ubs-import.json",
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"importerCommand": "docker exec firefly-importer php artisan importer:import",
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"autoImport": false,
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"deleteAfterImport": false,
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"timeout": 300
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}
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Description |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| `mode` | string | Operating mode: `cli` \| `docker` \| `http` (default: `cli`) |
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| `jsonConfig` | string | Path to the Firefly III Data Importer JSON config file (format v3) |
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| `importerCommand` | string | Full CLI command *(modes: cli, docker)* |
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| `importerUrl` | string | URL of the Data Importer *(mode: http)* |
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| `importerSecret` | string | `AUTO_IMPORT_SECRET` of the importer (min. 16 chars) *(mode: http)* |
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| `autoImport` | boolean | Run import immediately after transformation |
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| `deleteAfterImport` | boolean | Delete transformed CSV after successful import |
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| `timeout` | integer | Timeout in seconds (default: 300) |
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| `environment` | object | Additional environment variables *(modes: cli, docker)* |
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---
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## Transformation Types
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There are **13 supported transformation types** that can be combined as a pipeline:
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### 1. **trim** — Remove whitespace
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Removes leading and trailing whitespace.
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```json
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{ "type": "trim" }
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```
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- Input: ` Coop Pronto ` → Output: `Coop Pronto`
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---
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### 2. **lowercase** — Convert to lowercase
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Converts to lowercase (UTF-8 safe).
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```json
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{ "type": "lowercase" }
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```
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- Input: `COOP PRONTO CHUR` → Output: `coop pronto chur`
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---
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### 3. **uppercase** — Convert to uppercase
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Converts to uppercase (UTF-8 safe).
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```json
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{ "type": "uppercase" }
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```
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- Input: `Coop Pronto Chur` → Output: `COOP PRONTO CHUR`
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---
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### 4. **ucwordsfirst** — Capitalise after word separators
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Capitalises the first letter after each word separator.
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```json
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{ "type": "ucwordsfirst" }
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```
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- `COOP PRONTO CHUR` → `Coop Pronto Chur`
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- `migros-rail city` → `Migros-Rail City`
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- `O'NEILL STORE` → `O'Neill Store`
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- `SAINT-JEAN-DE-MAURIENNE` → `Saint-Jean-De-Maurienne`
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Separators: space, hyphen, apostrophe, slash, period, comma, semicolon, colon, parentheses.
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---
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### 5. **replace** — String replacement
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Replaces a substring with another string (case-sensitive).
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```json
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{ "type": "replace", "search": " ", "replace": " " }
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```
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- Input: `Coop Pronto` (two spaces) → Output: `Coop Pronto` (one space)
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---
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### 6. **split** — Split column
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Splits a value at a delimiter and keeps a defined part.
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```json
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{ "type": "split", "delimiter": ";", "part": 0 }
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```
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- Input: `Coop Pronto Chur;7007 Chur` → Output: `Coop Pronto Chur`
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---
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### 7. **regex** — Regex replacement
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Replaces parts of a string using a regular expression. Uses PHP `preg_replace`.
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```json
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{ "type": "regex", "pattern": "^(.*?);.*$", "replace": "$1" }
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```
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**No match → original value is passed through unchanged** (pipeline-safe).
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Use capture groups as `$1`, `$2`, … in the `replace` field.
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A pattern without `^`/`$` anchors replaces only the matched portion, not the whole value.
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---
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### 8. **regexextract** — Regex extraction
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Extracts a capture group and returns **only that**. Uses PHP `preg_match`.
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```json
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{ "type": "regexextract", "pattern": "(\\d{4,} [^;]+)" }
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```
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- Input: `Coop Pronto Chur, 7007 Chur` → Output: `7007 Chur`
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- No match → empty string
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> **⚠ Not pipeline-safe:** A no-match discards all previous pipeline results. Use `regex` instead if you want to preserve the current value on no-match.
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---
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### 9. **dateformat** — Date reformatting
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Converts between date formats.
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```json
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{ "type": "dateformat", "fromFormat": "d.m.Y", "toFormat": "Y-m-d" }
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```
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- Input: `10.12.2025` → Output: `2025-12-10`
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Supports all PHP `DateTime` format characters.
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---
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### 10. **truncate** — Truncate string
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Truncates a string to a maximum length.
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```json
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{ "type": "truncate", "maxLength": 100 }
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```
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---
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### 11. **constantvalue** — Constant value from metadata
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Injects an extracted metadata value as a constant for every row.
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```json
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{
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"sourceColumn": "_constant_",
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"transformations": [
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{ "type": "constantvalue", "metadataKey": "account_iban" }
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],
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"outputColumn": "account_iban",
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"outputAction": "create"
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}
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```
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- Every row receives the extracted `account_iban` value (e.g. `CH9300777222666888999`) in a new column.
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---
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### 12. **map** — Copy / rename column
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Copies a column value as-is (optionally to a new name).
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```json
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{ "type": "map" }
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```
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---
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### 13. **pipeline** — Nested pipeline
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Runs a sub-pipeline as a single transformation step.
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```json
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{
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"type": "pipeline",
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"steps": [
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{ "type": "trim" },
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{ "type": "lowercase" },
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{ "type": "ucwordsfirst" }
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]
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}
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```
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Useful for grouping steps as a logical unit within a `transformations` array.
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---
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### Pipeline example
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Multiple transformations chained:
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```json
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{
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"sourceColumn": "BookingText",
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"transformations": [
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{ "type": "trim" },
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{ "type": "replace", "search": " ", "replace": " " },
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{ "type": "lowercase" },
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{ "type": "ucwordsfirst" }
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],
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"outputColumn": "description",
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"outputAction": "overwrite"
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}
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```
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**Processing:**
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1. `" COOP PRONTO "` → trim → `"COOP PRONTO"`
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2. `"COOP PRONTO"` → replace → `"COOP PRONTO"`
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3. `"COOP PRONTO"` → lowercase → `"coop pronto"`
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4. `"coop pronto"` → ucwordsfirst → `"Coop Pronto"`
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---
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## CLI Reference
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```bash
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php bin/transformer.php <command> [input] [config] [options]
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```
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### Commands
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| Command | Description |
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| ------- | ----------- |
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| `test` | Test run (up to 10 rows) |
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| `transform` | Full transformation |
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| `validate` | Validate configuration |
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| `auto-import` | Directory monitoring |
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| `help` | Show help |
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### Options
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| Option | Description |
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| ------ | ----------- |
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| `--debug`, `-d` | Enable debug mode |
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| `--rows=N` | Max. N rows (`test` command) |
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| `--output=FILE`, `-o` | Output path |
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| `--strict` | Strict validation |
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| `--watch` | Continuous monitoring |
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| `--interval=SEC` | Check interval in seconds (default: 60) |
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| `--dry-run` | Simulation mode, no real operations |
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---
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## Debug Mode
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```bash
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php bin/transformer.php test input.csv config/config.json --debug
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```
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### Log categories
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| Category | When |
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| -------- | ---- |
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| `transformer` | Start/end of transformation |
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| `csv_reader` | While reading CSV |
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| `metadata` | During metadata extraction |
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| `metadata_warning` | On extraction problems |
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| `transformation` | For each transformation step |
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| `csv_writer` | While writing output CSV |
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### Debug log output (JSON)
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```json
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{
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"success": true,
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"debug_logs": [
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{
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"timestamp": 1702200120.5432,
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"category": "transformer",
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"message": "Transformation started",
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"data": { "inputFile": "input.csv", "maxRows": 0 }
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},
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{
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"timestamp": 1702200120.5445,
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"category": "metadata",
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"message": "Extraction rule applied",
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"data": { "rule_name": "account_iban", "value": "CH93..." }
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}
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]
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}
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```
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---
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## Firefly III Integration
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The transformer can automatically import transformed files into Firefly III.
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Three operating modes cover all typical deployment scenarios.
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### Prerequisites (all modes)
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**1. Create a Firefly III Data Importer JSON configuration file**
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This file maps transformed CSV columns to Firefly III transaction fields (format v3).
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Recommended approach: upload a sample CSV once in the Firefly III Data Importer Web UI, configure the column mapping there, then download the finished configuration. Alternatively, use `config/firefly-import-config.example.json` as a template and adjust `default_account` to your asset account ID.
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**2. Choose an operating mode** — see sections below.
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---
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### Mode `cli` — Transformer and Firefly on the same server
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Both the transformer and the Firefly III Data Importer run on the same server. The transformer calls the importer directly as a local command.
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```json
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"fireflyImport": {
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"mode": "cli",
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"jsonConfig": "/opt/firefly-data-importer/storage/configurations/ubs-import.json",
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"importerCommand": "php /opt/firefly-data-importer/artisan importer:import",
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"autoImport": true,
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"deleteAfterImport": false,
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"timeout": 300,
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"environment": {
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"FIREFLY_III_URL": "https://localhost",
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"FIREFLY_III_ACCESS_TOKEN": "your-token-here"
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}
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}
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```
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---
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|
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### Mode `docker` — Transformer local, Firefly in Docker
|
||
|
||
The transformer runs locally or in its own container; the Firefly III Data Importer runs in a Docker container. The transformer calls the importer via `docker exec`.
|
||
|
||
**Important:** The transformer's output directory must be mounted as a volume in the importer container. `jsonConfig` is the path **inside the container** (not a local path). Do not use the `-it` flag (no TTY).
|
||
|
||
Example `docker-compose.yml` for the importer:
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
services:
|
||
firefly-importer:
|
||
image: fireflyiii/data-importer:latest
|
||
volumes:
|
||
- /opt/ff-imp-preprocessor/import:/import
|
||
environment:
|
||
- FIREFLY_III_URL=https://your-firefly.com
|
||
- FIREFLY_III_ACCESS_TOKEN=your-token-here
|
||
- CAN_POST_FILES=false
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
"fireflyImport": {
|
||
"mode": "docker",
|
||
"jsonConfig": "/import/configs/ubs-import.json",
|
||
"importerCommand": "docker exec firefly-importer php artisan importer:import",
|
||
"autoImport": true,
|
||
"deleteAfterImport": false,
|
||
"timeout": 300
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
The JSON config file must be available inside the container — either via a volume mount or `docker cp`:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
docker cp ubs-import.json firefly-importer:/import/configs/ubs-import.json
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### Mode `http` — Transformer local, Firefly importer on a remote server
|
||
|
||
The transformer runs locally; the Firefly III Data Importer is reachable over HTTP(S). The CSV and JSON configuration are sent as a multipart HTTP upload to the importer.
|
||
|
||
**Requirements on the importer server:**
|
||
|
||
```text
|
||
CAN_POST_FILES=true
|
||
AUTO_IMPORT_SECRET=<secret> # at least 16 characters
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Local requirement:** PHP extension `ext-curl`
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
"fireflyImport": {
|
||
"mode": "http",
|
||
"importerUrl": "https://importer.your-server.com",
|
||
"importerSecret": "your-auto-import-secret-min-16-chars",
|
||
"jsonConfig": "/local/path/to/ubs-import.json",
|
||
"autoImport": true,
|
||
"deleteAfterImport": false,
|
||
"timeout": 300
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
The transformer sends files to `POST {importerUrl}/autoupload`. The JSON config lives locally — the transformer uploads it together with the CSV. No volume mount or SSH access to the remote server is required.
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### Usage
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# Transformation + automatic import (when autoImport=true)
|
||
php bin/transformer.php transform input.csv config/config.json
|
||
|
||
# Watch mode: trigger on new CSV in source directory
|
||
php bin/transformer.php auto-import config/config.json --watch
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Architecture
|
||
|
||
### Components
|
||
|
||
```text
|
||
bin/transformer.php (CLI entry point)
|
||
↓
|
||
TransformerEngine (orchestration)
|
||
├─ ConfigurationLoader (load / validate config)
|
||
├─ CsvReader (read CSV)
|
||
├─ MetadataExtractor (metadata via regex)
|
||
├─ ColumnTransformer (apply transformations)
|
||
├─ CsvWriter (write CSV)
|
||
├─ FireflyImporter (Firefly III integration)
|
||
└─ DebugLogger (debug logs)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Data flow
|
||
|
||
```text
|
||
Input CSV
|
||
↓
|
||
CsvReader::readMetadataLines() → array of lines
|
||
↓
|
||
MetadataExtractor::extract() → {iban: "...", currency: "..."}
|
||
↓
|
||
CsvReader::readCsvData() → array of rows
|
||
↓
|
||
ColumnTransformer::transformRow() → transformed row (pipeline)
|
||
↓
|
||
CsvWriter::write() → output CSV
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Classes
|
||
|
||
| Class | Responsibility |
|
||
| ----- | -------------- |
|
||
| `TransformerEngine` | Orchestrates the entire workflow |
|
||
| `ConfigurationLoader` | Loads and validates JSON configuration |
|
||
| `CsvReader` | Reads CSV with metadata support |
|
||
| `MetadataExtractor` | Extracts metadata via regex |
|
||
| `ColumnTransformer` | Transforms columns (pipeline) |
|
||
| `CsvWriter` | Writes output CSV |
|
||
| `FireflyImporter` | Imports into Firefly III |
|
||
| `DebugLogger` | Static logger for debug output |
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Error Handling
|
||
|
||
### Common errors
|
||
|
||
#### "Input file not found"
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# Check the file path
|
||
ls -la input.csv
|
||
|
||
# Use an absolute path if relative paths do not work
|
||
php bin/transformer.php transform /absolute/path/input.csv config.json
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
#### "Missing metadata: account_iban"
|
||
|
||
The IBAN could not be extracted — wrong regex or wrong line number.
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# Inspect the first lines of the CSV
|
||
head -5 input.csv
|
||
|
||
# Validate with debug output
|
||
php bin/transformer.php validate config.json input.csv --debug
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
#### "Invalid JSON: …"
|
||
|
||
Syntax error in `config.json`.
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
php -r "json_decode(file_get_contents('config/config.json'), true) or die('JSON invalid');"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
#### "Configuration: 'csvStructure.headerLine' required"
|
||
|
||
A required configuration field is missing.
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
diff config/config.json config/config.example.json
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### Exception handling
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
try {
|
||
$result = $engine->transform($inputFile);
|
||
if (!$result['success']) {
|
||
echo "Error: " . $result['error'];
|
||
}
|
||
} catch (Exception $e) {
|
||
echo "Fatal error: " . $e->getMessage();
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Tips
|
||
|
||
### UTF-8 handling
|
||
|
||
The transformer uses UTF-8 safe functions throughout:
|
||
|
||
- `mb_strtolower()` instead of `strtolower()`
|
||
- `mb_strtoupper()` instead of `strtoupper()`
|
||
- `mb_strlen()` for correct character counting
|
||
|
||
Supported encodings: UTF-8, ISO-8859-1, CP1252.
|
||
|
||
### Regex tips
|
||
|
||
**Pattern without delimiters (auto-wrapped):**
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
"pattern": "IBAN:\\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)"
|
||
// becomes: /IBAN:\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)/u
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**With explicit flags:**
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
"pattern": "/IBAN:\\s*([A-Z0-9 ]+)/iu"
|
||
// case-insensitive
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Performance
|
||
|
||
- **Optimised for:** up to 1 million rows
|
||
- **Typical file size:** 10–100 k rows
|
||
|
||
### Batch processing
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
#!/bin/bash
|
||
for file in import/source/*.csv; do
|
||
php bin/transformer.php transform "$file" config/config.json
|
||
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
|
||
mv "$file" import/archive/
|
||
else
|
||
mv "$file" import/error/
|
||
fi
|
||
done
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Version History
|
||
|
||
**v1.0.0 (03 May 2026)**
|
||
|
||
- ✅ Initial release
|
||
- ✅ 13 transformation types
|
||
- ✅ Metadata extraction via regex
|
||
- ✅ Debug mode
|
||
- ✅ Firefly III integration (cli / docker / http)
|
||
- ✅ Full documentation
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
**License:** GPL-3.0
|
||
**Author:** PHP CSV Transformer Project
|
||
**Repository:** [git.andare.ch/david.reindl/ff-imp-preprocessor](https://git.andare.ch/david.reindl/ff-imp-preprocessor)
|